GEOGRAPHY
CHAPTER-1
Q1 – The world of non-living element s are known as? ANS- A biotic
Q2 – the place, people, things and the nature that surround any living organisms is called?ANS- Environment.
Q3- The thin layer of air that surrounds the earth is called? ANS- Atmosphere.
Q4 – On which day we celebrate world’s environment day? ANS- 5th June.
Q5- It is a trade in which goods are exchanged without the use of money? ANS- Barter system.
Q6- Give an example of natural environment? ANS- Water (Hydrosphere)
Q7- The world of living organisms is called? ANS- Biotic.
Q8- Which force of the earth holds the atmosphere around it? ANS- Gravitational force.
Q9- Name the relation between the living organisms and their surrounding forms? ANS- Ecosystem.
Q10- Give any two example of human made environment? ANS- Roads, parks.
Q11- What is the meaning of world environner? ANS- Neighbourhood
Q12- The activities, creation and interaction among human being is known as which environment?
ANS- Human environment.
Q13- Name components of environment? ANS- Natural, Human made and human.
Q 3 FILL IN THE BLANKS:
1. The domain of water is referred to hydrosphere.
2. Ozen Layer protects us from harmful rays of the sun.
3. Plants and animals kingdom together make biosphere.
4. Information Revolution made communication easier and speedy across the world.
GIVE REASON
1- Man modifies his environment?
ANS 1-Human beings interact with the environment and modify it according to their need.
2- To fulfill their requirement from the nature around them.
3- They learn new ways to use and change environment.
Geography-CHAPTER-3
1. What are the forces which act in the interior of the earth are called as- Endogenic forces
2. What are the forces that work on the surface of the earth are called as- Exogenic forces
3. In Endogenic forces sometimes produce which sudden movements that cause mass destruction over the surface of the earth- Earthquake and volcano
4. What is a vent(opening) in the earth’s crust through which molten material erupts-Volcano
5. When the lithospheric plates move, the surface of the earth vibrates this is called- Earthquake
6. The place where the Earthquake’s vibrations starts the first is called as- Focus
7. The place on the surface above the focus is called as- Epicentre
8. Earthquake is measured with a machine called- Seismograph
9. The magnitude of the earthquake is measured on the – Richter scale
10. What is the breaking up of rocks on the earth’s surface called- Weathering
11. What is the wearing away of the landscape by different agents like water, wind and ice- Erosion
12. As the river enters the plain it twists and turns forming large bends known as- Meanders
13. In due course of time the meander loop cuts off from the river and forms a- Cut-off lake
14. At times the river overflows its banks, this leads to- Flood
15. Cut-off lake is also called as- Ox-bow Lake
16. The raised banks are called- Leeves
17. The collection of sediments from all the mouths forms a- Delta
18. As the river approaches the sea, the speed of the flowing water decreases and the river begins to break up into a no. of streams called- Distributaries
19. Sea waves continuously hit the rock cracks develop over time they became larger and wider, hollow like caves are formed called- Sea caves
20. As these hollow become bigger and bigger only the roof of caves remain thus formed are called-
Sea arches
21. Then erosion breaks the roof and only walls are left thus formed are- Stacks
22. The steep rocky coast rising almost vertically above sea water is called- Sea cliff
23. The sea waves deposit sediments along the shores forming- Beaches
24. What are rivers of ice which too erode the landscape by bulldozing soil and stone to expose the soil rock below- Glaciers
25. Mushroom rocks are found in- Desert
26. The depositional feature of a glacier is- Moraine
27. In desert the rocks in a shape of mushroom are called- Mushroom rocks
28. Why do plates move?
A-Plates move because of the movement of the molten magma inside our earth.
29. How are flood plains formed?
A- Floods deposits fine soil and some other material along its banks this leads to the formation of floodplain.
30. What are sand dunes?
A- sand is lifted from one place to another place from agent of wind when it stop blowing sand falls and gets deposited in low hills like structures are called sand dunes.
GIVE REASONS
QUES1: Some rocks have a shape of a mushroom.
ANS1: a- The upper portion of the rocks remains unaffected.
b- In course of time the rocks take up the shape of a mushroom.
QUES2: Flood plains are very fertile.
ANS2: a- During floods rivers overflow their banks.
b- Best clays are washed away and deposited by creating flood plains.
CHAPTER-4- AIR
Q(i).What is atmosphere?
Answer.A huge blanket of air by which our earth is surrounded is called atmosphere.
The atmosphere have following layers :
(a) Troposphere.
(b)Stratosphere
(c) Mesosphere
(d) Thermosphere
(e) Exosphere
Out of these atmospheric layers, Troposphere is the most important layer of the atmosphere, which directly support life on this planet. The uppermost layer is Exosphere.
Q(ii).Which two gases make the bulk of atmosphere?
Answer.(a) Nitrogen. (b) Oxygen.
Q(iii).Which gas creates green house effect in atmosphere?
Answer. Carbon dioxide.
Q(iv).What are weather and Climate?
Answer. Wheather is hour-to-hour,day to day conditions of the atmosphere. Climate is long term detection of weather in a region or place.
Q(v). Name three types of rainfall?
Answer.(i) The convectional rainfall. (ii)The orographic rainfall. and (iii)The cyclonic rainfall.
Q(vi). What is air pressure?
Answer. Air pressure is defined as the pressure exerted by the weight of air on the earth's surface.
Question2.Tick the correct answer:
Q(i) Which of the following gases protects us from harmful sun rays?
(a) Carbondioxide. (b)Nitrogen. (c)Ozone.
Answer:(c) Ozone.
Q(ii) The most importent layer of the atmosphere is.
(a) Troposphere. (b)Thermosphere. (c) Mesosphere
Answer:(a) Troposphere.
Q(iii) Which of the following layers of atmosphere free from clouds?
(a) Troposphere. (b)Stratosphere. (c) Mesosphere
Answer:(b) Stratosphere.
Q(iv).As we go up the layers of the atmosphere, the pressure.
(a) Increases. (b) Decreases. (c) Remain same.
Answer: (b) Decreases.
Q(v)When precipitation comes down to the earth liquid form,it is called:
(a) cloud. (b) Rain. (c) Snow.
Answer: (b) Rain.
Q(vi)
1 Trades winds-. (c) Permanent wind.
2 Loo.---------- (d) Local wind .
3 Mansoon.----- (a) Seasonal.
4 Wind.--------- (b) Horizental movement of air.
Question 4.Give reasons.
Q(i) Wet clothes take longer time to dry on a humid day?
Answer. Because on a humid day,there is more water in air than a sunny day. So, air can soak less water from wet clothes i.e., rate of evaporation decreases.
Q(ii). Amount of insolation decreases from equator towards poles?
Answer. Because sun rays fall vertical on the equator while slanting on the poles.
GEO CHAPTER -5-WATER
1. In which day the world water day is celebrated? Ans: 22 March.
2. Tsunami is a Japanese word which mean? Ans: ‘Harbour waves’.
3. The largest tsunami ever measured was? Ans: 150m high.
4. The stronger the wind blows the waves become? Ans: Bigger.
5. When the water on the surface of the oceans rise and falls alternately, they are called? Ans: Waves.
6. A huge tidal waves called? Ans: Tsunami.
7. What is the amount of water present in rivers? Ans: 0.0001.
8. Salinity is the amount of salt in grams present in how many grams of water? Ans: 1000 grams.
9. Why swimmers can float in Dead Sea?
Ans: Because the increased salt content makes it dense.
10. Why the water of ocean is salty?
Ans: Because the salt is present in the water.
11. ______of the surface is covered by water. Ans: Three-fourth.
12. 02.0 percent water is present in_______. Ans: Ice caps.
13. Warm current originates near the ______. Ans: Equator.
14. The warm current moves towards______. Ans: Poles.
15. The process by which water continually changes its form and circulates between oceans, atmosphere and land is known as ______. Ans: Water cycle.
CIVICS
CHAPTER-1
1. Universal Adult Franchise means Right to vote to every citizens having the age of 18 years and above.
2. Dalit is a term for so called lower castes. Dalit means ‘broken’.
3. When a person is treated unequally, his dignity is violated.
4. Dr. B.R Ambedkar is the father of Indian Constitution.
5. What are the provisions given by our constitution to provide right to equality to the peole?
Ans- Following provisions were given
1. Every person is equal before the law
2. No discrimination on the basis of caste, religion, etc
3. Every person has access to all public places
4. Government will take various programmes to help the disadvantaged group.
6. What is Civil Rights Movement?
Ans- This is an agitatation of the African Americans against the white men in America. These black people were not treated equally with the white men and prohibited to white men’s areas.
7. African-Americans were those persons who were originally belong to Africa but settled in America.
CHAPTER-3
1. Government work at how many level? Ans: 3
2. What is the full form of MLA? Ans: Member of Legislative Assembly.
3. MLA is elected by whom? Ans : People
4. After how many years vote giving is allowed? Ans :18
5. What is the full form of BJP? Ans: Bharatiya Janata Party.
6. What is the full form of INC? Ans: Indian National Congess.
7. What is ruling party ?
Ans : The majority political party which forms the government is called Ruling party.
8. What is legislature?
Ans: Legislature is the law making body of the government. Legislature in state is Legislative Assembly and Legislature in Centre is the Parliament.
9. What is the meaning of constituency?
Ans : A particular area decided on the basis of people and the number of candidates to be elected, from which all the voters living there choose their representative.
10. What is the majority?
Ans; This is a situation when more than half the no. in a group supports a decision or an idea is called majority.
11. What is opposition ?
Ans: This refers to elected representatives who are not member of a ruling
party and who play the role of questioning government decisions and actions as well as raise new issues for consideration in the assembly.
12. How did MLAs become minister?Explain.
Ans:The MLA who are in ruling party become minister chosen by CM and other elder people in the party
13. What is press conference?
Ans: A gathering of journalists from the media who are invited to hear about and ask questions on a particular issue to a minister or an important person and then expected to report on this to the large public.
14. What was the problem in patlipuram?what action was taken by the minister.
Ans:In pattlipuram many people were dying. The minister took discussion: (i)To supply drinking water to every village through tankers. The CM has promised to give fund for this work. They also plan to start a campaign to inform people about the steps that can be prevent diarrhea.
15. Why should decision taken by the CM and other minister be debated in legislative assembly?
Ans: (1)To discuss the issue government has respond.
(2)To make new laws for the state.
16. What is the difference between the work that MLAs do in the assembly and the work done by the government departments?
Ans:Work of MLA:-(1)They discuss about the issues.
1. (2)They support the issues.
2. (3)They vote for the issues.
Work of government:-(1)They do inquiry in the matter.
3. (2)They take action.
4. (3)They fulfil the requirements of the people
CHAPTER-4
† One Word Answer-
1. Name an ocean which is a part of Samoan Island. Pacific Oceans
2. The book of law of our country is - Our Constitution
3. It is a sense of self- awareness of who one is. Identity
4. It is commonly used to describe the women’s work situation- Double Burden
5. It refers to a range of tasks related to looking after and nurturing- Care- Giving
6. When someone is not given due recognition for a task or job they have done, they can feel this. What we said this? De- Valued
7. A nursery which keeps a children of working woman in day time. What we say this facilities? Creches
8. It was an activity done by young people (child) in Samoa. Fishing
† Question & Answer
Are the statements given alongside true or false? Support your answer with the use of an example−
(a) All societies do not think similarly about the roles that boys and girls play.
ANS-True.
1. The society which we live in believes that the roles of boys and girls are different in a well-defined manner
2. Broadly speaking, our societies are mostly patriarchal i.e., a male is always the head of the family.
3. On the other hand, the societies in most Latin American countries are matriarchal in nature i.e., a female is always the head of the family and the family lineage is traced by following the female's line of family.
(b) Our society does not make distinctions between boys and girls when they are growing up.
False.
Our society makes distinctions between boys and girls when they are growing up. This can be exemplified as follows:
1. Girls are usually given toys such as dolls, whereas boys are given toys such as cars, bat & ball etc.
2. As compared to boys, girls spend more time in the kitchen and they are the ones who help the mother in taking care of the requirements of the household.
3. On the other hand, boys are more involved in outdoor activities
(c) Women who stay at home do not work.
False.
1. Though it is a preconceived notion that women who stay at home do not work, it is not true.
2. Women who stay at home do almost an equal amount of work as compared to their male counterparts by running the household, which is not an easy task.
3. On an average, women spend more time working as compared to men. However, their work goes unnoticed because a bulk of their work is household-related and does not contribute to the generation of income.
(d) The work that women do is less valued than that of men.
True.
1. Since our society considers men to be the breadwinners of the family, any work that a woman does is not valued much because it does not contribute to the total income of the family.
2. However, it must be noted that the amount of time women spend in taking care of the house hold, which involves tasks such as preparing three meals, getting kids ready for school, taking care of the general cleanliness of the household, managing rations, dealing with maids or other such domestic helps etc., and the effectiveness with which they do it is truly commendable.
2. Write in your own words what is meant by the terms ‘invisible’, ‘physically demanding’, and 'time consuming’? Give one example of each based on the household tasks undertaken by women in your home.
(a) Housework is invisible and unpaid work.
Invisible here means something which is not noticed. A good example will be breakfast in the morning, which we eat without realizing the amount of effort put in making it.
(b) Housework is physically demanding.
Physically demanding means something which requires hard work. An example of this is washing clothes.
(c) Housework is time consuming.
Time consuming means something which takes a long time to be done. Cleaning the house is an example of this.
3. What are the lives of Domestic Worker?
• The workers do work at our home like sweeping, cleaning, washing clothes, doing dishes, cooking, looking after young children or aged people.
4.What is Anganwadis?
1. This organisation (Anganwadi) is run by government.
2. This organisation gives an education to poor children (primary sector).
3. This organisation is also gives an education to uneducated women’s or men’s.
4. This organisation also gives the foods and medicines.
CHAPTER-5
1. Who wrote Sultana’s Dream? Rokeya Sakhawat Hossain
2. Name the first autobiography written by Rashsundari Devi. Amar Jiban
3. Which title Ramabai got for read and write Sanskrit? Pandita
4. Where Ramabai gone to set up her mission, where widows and poor women were encouraged not only to become literate but to be independent? Khedgaon
5. This refers to physical or verbal behaviour that is of sexual nature. Sexual Harassment
6. When someone forcefully breaks the law or a rule or openly shows disrespect, what we say this. Violation
7. When we believe that people belonging to particular groups based or religion, wealth, language are bound to have certain fixed characteristics or can only do a certain type of work, it’s create………. Stereotype
8. When we do not treat people equally or with respect we are indulging in [what]? Discrimination
Give reason
1. Why Ramabai set up her mission in Khedgaon?
• She wants to teach a variety of skills of carpentry to run a printing press, skills that are not usually taught to girls even today.
• She wants to tell that widows and poor women were encouraged not only to literate them but to make them independent.
2. Why children from Dalit, Adivasi and Muslim communities leave school?
• In many parts of the country, especially in rural and poor areas, there may not even be proper schools nor teachers who teach on a regular basis.
• If a school is not close to people’s homes, and there is no transport like buses or vans.
• Parents may not be willing to send their girls to school.
Questions/answers
1. What type of place is Lady land?
• It is a place where women have the freedom to study, work.
• women create and do inventions like controlling rain from the clouds and flying air cars.
• In this the men have been sent into seclusion- their aggressive guns and other weapons of war are defeated by the brain- power of women.
2. What is Campaigning?
• Campaigning is to fight discrimination and violence against women are an important part of the women’s movement.
• Campaignings have also led to new laws being passed.
• A law was passed in 2006 to give women who face physical and mental violence within their homes, also called domestic violence, some legal protection.
3. What is Dowry Deaths?
• It is the case of young brides being murdered by their in-laws husband, greedy for more dowry.
• Women’s groups spoke out against the failure to bring these cases to justice.
• They did so by coming on to the streets, approaching the courts, and by sharing information.
4. List the reason why learning the alphabet was so important to women like Rashsundari Devi, Ramabai and Rokeya?
• They wanted to be educated.
• They wanted to fight against stereotypes.
• They wanted reforms in the society.
• They wanted to read books.
CHAPTER-1
Q1 – The world of non-living element s are known as? ANS- A biotic
Q2 – the place, people, things and the nature that surround any living organisms is called?ANS- Environment.
Q3- The thin layer of air that surrounds the earth is called? ANS- Atmosphere.
Q4 – On which day we celebrate world’s environment day? ANS- 5th June.
Q5- It is a trade in which goods are exchanged without the use of money? ANS- Barter system.
Q6- Give an example of natural environment? ANS- Water (Hydrosphere)
Q7- The world of living organisms is called? ANS- Biotic.
Q8- Which force of the earth holds the atmosphere around it? ANS- Gravitational force.
Q9- Name the relation between the living organisms and their surrounding forms? ANS- Ecosystem.
Q10- Give any two example of human made environment? ANS- Roads, parks.
Q11- What is the meaning of world environner? ANS- Neighbourhood
Q12- The activities, creation and interaction among human being is known as which environment?
ANS- Human environment.
Q13- Name components of environment? ANS- Natural, Human made and human.
Q 3 FILL IN THE BLANKS:
1. The domain of water is referred to hydrosphere.
2. Ozen Layer protects us from harmful rays of the sun.
3. Plants and animals kingdom together make biosphere.
4. Information Revolution made communication easier and speedy across the world.
GIVE REASON
1- Man modifies his environment?
ANS 1-Human beings interact with the environment and modify it according to their need.
2- To fulfill their requirement from the nature around them.
3- They learn new ways to use and change environment.
Geography-CHAPTER-3
1. What are the forces which act in the interior of the earth are called as- Endogenic forces
2. What are the forces that work on the surface of the earth are called as- Exogenic forces
3. In Endogenic forces sometimes produce which sudden movements that cause mass destruction over the surface of the earth- Earthquake and volcano
4. What is a vent(opening) in the earth’s crust through which molten material erupts-Volcano
5. When the lithospheric plates move, the surface of the earth vibrates this is called- Earthquake
6. The place where the Earthquake’s vibrations starts the first is called as- Focus
7. The place on the surface above the focus is called as- Epicentre
8. Earthquake is measured with a machine called- Seismograph
9. The magnitude of the earthquake is measured on the – Richter scale
10. What is the breaking up of rocks on the earth’s surface called- Weathering
11. What is the wearing away of the landscape by different agents like water, wind and ice- Erosion
12. As the river enters the plain it twists and turns forming large bends known as- Meanders
13. In due course of time the meander loop cuts off from the river and forms a- Cut-off lake
14. At times the river overflows its banks, this leads to- Flood
15. Cut-off lake is also called as- Ox-bow Lake
16. The raised banks are called- Leeves
17. The collection of sediments from all the mouths forms a- Delta
18. As the river approaches the sea, the speed of the flowing water decreases and the river begins to break up into a no. of streams called- Distributaries
19. Sea waves continuously hit the rock cracks develop over time they became larger and wider, hollow like caves are formed called- Sea caves
20. As these hollow become bigger and bigger only the roof of caves remain thus formed are called-
Sea arches
21. Then erosion breaks the roof and only walls are left thus formed are- Stacks
22. The steep rocky coast rising almost vertically above sea water is called- Sea cliff
23. The sea waves deposit sediments along the shores forming- Beaches
24. What are rivers of ice which too erode the landscape by bulldozing soil and stone to expose the soil rock below- Glaciers
25. Mushroom rocks are found in- Desert
26. The depositional feature of a glacier is- Moraine
27. In desert the rocks in a shape of mushroom are called- Mushroom rocks
28. Why do plates move?
A-Plates move because of the movement of the molten magma inside our earth.
29. How are flood plains formed?
A- Floods deposits fine soil and some other material along its banks this leads to the formation of floodplain.
30. What are sand dunes?
A- sand is lifted from one place to another place from agent of wind when it stop blowing sand falls and gets deposited in low hills like structures are called sand dunes.
GIVE REASONS
QUES1: Some rocks have a shape of a mushroom.
ANS1: a- The upper portion of the rocks remains unaffected.
b- In course of time the rocks take up the shape of a mushroom.
QUES2: Flood plains are very fertile.
ANS2: a- During floods rivers overflow their banks.
b- Best clays are washed away and deposited by creating flood plains.
CHAPTER-4- AIR
Q(i).What is atmosphere?
Answer.A huge blanket of air by which our earth is surrounded is called atmosphere.
The atmosphere have following layers :
(a) Troposphere.
(b)Stratosphere
(c) Mesosphere
(d) Thermosphere
(e) Exosphere
Out of these atmospheric layers, Troposphere is the most important layer of the atmosphere, which directly support life on this planet. The uppermost layer is Exosphere.
Q(ii).Which two gases make the bulk of atmosphere?
Answer.(a) Nitrogen. (b) Oxygen.
Q(iii).Which gas creates green house effect in atmosphere?
Answer. Carbon dioxide.
Q(iv).What are weather and Climate?
Answer. Wheather is hour-to-hour,day to day conditions of the atmosphere. Climate is long term detection of weather in a region or place.
Q(v). Name three types of rainfall?
Answer.(i) The convectional rainfall. (ii)The orographic rainfall. and (iii)The cyclonic rainfall.
Q(vi). What is air pressure?
Answer. Air pressure is defined as the pressure exerted by the weight of air on the earth's surface.
Question2.Tick the correct answer:
Q(i) Which of the following gases protects us from harmful sun rays?
(a) Carbondioxide. (b)Nitrogen. (c)Ozone.
Answer:(c) Ozone.
Q(ii) The most importent layer of the atmosphere is.
(a) Troposphere. (b)Thermosphere. (c) Mesosphere
Answer:(a) Troposphere.
Q(iii) Which of the following layers of atmosphere free from clouds?
(a) Troposphere. (b)Stratosphere. (c) Mesosphere
Answer:(b) Stratosphere.
Q(iv).As we go up the layers of the atmosphere, the pressure.
(a) Increases. (b) Decreases. (c) Remain same.
Answer: (b) Decreases.
Q(v)When precipitation comes down to the earth liquid form,it is called:
(a) cloud. (b) Rain. (c) Snow.
Answer: (b) Rain.
Q(vi)
1 Trades winds-. (c) Permanent wind.
2 Loo.---------- (d) Local wind .
3 Mansoon.----- (a) Seasonal.
4 Wind.--------- (b) Horizental movement of air.
Question 4.Give reasons.
Q(i) Wet clothes take longer time to dry on a humid day?
Answer. Because on a humid day,there is more water in air than a sunny day. So, air can soak less water from wet clothes i.e., rate of evaporation decreases.
Q(ii). Amount of insolation decreases from equator towards poles?
Answer. Because sun rays fall vertical on the equator while slanting on the poles.
GEO CHAPTER -5-WATER
1. In which day the world water day is celebrated? Ans: 22 March.
2. Tsunami is a Japanese word which mean? Ans: ‘Harbour waves’.
3. The largest tsunami ever measured was? Ans: 150m high.
4. The stronger the wind blows the waves become? Ans: Bigger.
5. When the water on the surface of the oceans rise and falls alternately, they are called? Ans: Waves.
6. A huge tidal waves called? Ans: Tsunami.
7. What is the amount of water present in rivers? Ans: 0.0001.
8. Salinity is the amount of salt in grams present in how many grams of water? Ans: 1000 grams.
9. Why swimmers can float in Dead Sea?
Ans: Because the increased salt content makes it dense.
10. Why the water of ocean is salty?
Ans: Because the salt is present in the water.
11. ______of the surface is covered by water. Ans: Three-fourth.
12. 02.0 percent water is present in_______. Ans: Ice caps.
13. Warm current originates near the ______. Ans: Equator.
14. The warm current moves towards______. Ans: Poles.
15. The process by which water continually changes its form and circulates between oceans, atmosphere and land is known as ______. Ans: Water cycle.
CIVICS
CHAPTER-1
1. Universal Adult Franchise means Right to vote to every citizens having the age of 18 years and above.
2. Dalit is a term for so called lower castes. Dalit means ‘broken’.
3. When a person is treated unequally, his dignity is violated.
4. Dr. B.R Ambedkar is the father of Indian Constitution.
5. What are the provisions given by our constitution to provide right to equality to the peole?
Ans- Following provisions were given
1. Every person is equal before the law
2. No discrimination on the basis of caste, religion, etc
3. Every person has access to all public places
4. Government will take various programmes to help the disadvantaged group.
6. What is Civil Rights Movement?
Ans- This is an agitatation of the African Americans against the white men in America. These black people were not treated equally with the white men and prohibited to white men’s areas.
7. African-Americans were those persons who were originally belong to Africa but settled in America.
CHAPTER-3
1. Government work at how many level? Ans: 3
2. What is the full form of MLA? Ans: Member of Legislative Assembly.
3. MLA is elected by whom? Ans : People
4. After how many years vote giving is allowed? Ans :18
5. What is the full form of BJP? Ans: Bharatiya Janata Party.
6. What is the full form of INC? Ans: Indian National Congess.
7. What is ruling party ?
Ans : The majority political party which forms the government is called Ruling party.
8. What is legislature?
Ans: Legislature is the law making body of the government. Legislature in state is Legislative Assembly and Legislature in Centre is the Parliament.
9. What is the meaning of constituency?
Ans : A particular area decided on the basis of people and the number of candidates to be elected, from which all the voters living there choose their representative.
10. What is the majority?
Ans; This is a situation when more than half the no. in a group supports a decision or an idea is called majority.
11. What is opposition ?
Ans: This refers to elected representatives who are not member of a ruling
party and who play the role of questioning government decisions and actions as well as raise new issues for consideration in the assembly.
12. How did MLAs become minister?Explain.
Ans:The MLA who are in ruling party become minister chosen by CM and other elder people in the party
13. What is press conference?
Ans: A gathering of journalists from the media who are invited to hear about and ask questions on a particular issue to a minister or an important person and then expected to report on this to the large public.
14. What was the problem in patlipuram?what action was taken by the minister.
Ans:In pattlipuram many people were dying. The minister took discussion: (i)To supply drinking water to every village through tankers. The CM has promised to give fund for this work. They also plan to start a campaign to inform people about the steps that can be prevent diarrhea.
15. Why should decision taken by the CM and other minister be debated in legislative assembly?
Ans: (1)To discuss the issue government has respond.
(2)To make new laws for the state.
16. What is the difference between the work that MLAs do in the assembly and the work done by the government departments?
Ans:Work of MLA:-(1)They discuss about the issues.
1. (2)They support the issues.
2. (3)They vote for the issues.
Work of government:-(1)They do inquiry in the matter.
3. (2)They take action.
4. (3)They fulfil the requirements of the people
CHAPTER-4
† One Word Answer-
1. Name an ocean which is a part of Samoan Island. Pacific Oceans
2. The book of law of our country is - Our Constitution
3. It is a sense of self- awareness of who one is. Identity
4. It is commonly used to describe the women’s work situation- Double Burden
5. It refers to a range of tasks related to looking after and nurturing- Care- Giving
6. When someone is not given due recognition for a task or job they have done, they can feel this. What we said this? De- Valued
7. A nursery which keeps a children of working woman in day time. What we say this facilities? Creches
8. It was an activity done by young people (child) in Samoa. Fishing
† Question & Answer
Are the statements given alongside true or false? Support your answer with the use of an example−
(a) All societies do not think similarly about the roles that boys and girls play.
ANS-True.
1. The society which we live in believes that the roles of boys and girls are different in a well-defined manner
2. Broadly speaking, our societies are mostly patriarchal i.e., a male is always the head of the family.
3. On the other hand, the societies in most Latin American countries are matriarchal in nature i.e., a female is always the head of the family and the family lineage is traced by following the female's line of family.
(b) Our society does not make distinctions between boys and girls when they are growing up.
False.
Our society makes distinctions between boys and girls when they are growing up. This can be exemplified as follows:
1. Girls are usually given toys such as dolls, whereas boys are given toys such as cars, bat & ball etc.
2. As compared to boys, girls spend more time in the kitchen and they are the ones who help the mother in taking care of the requirements of the household.
3. On the other hand, boys are more involved in outdoor activities
(c) Women who stay at home do not work.
False.
1. Though it is a preconceived notion that women who stay at home do not work, it is not true.
2. Women who stay at home do almost an equal amount of work as compared to their male counterparts by running the household, which is not an easy task.
3. On an average, women spend more time working as compared to men. However, their work goes unnoticed because a bulk of their work is household-related and does not contribute to the generation of income.
(d) The work that women do is less valued than that of men.
True.
1. Since our society considers men to be the breadwinners of the family, any work that a woman does is not valued much because it does not contribute to the total income of the family.
2. However, it must be noted that the amount of time women spend in taking care of the house hold, which involves tasks such as preparing three meals, getting kids ready for school, taking care of the general cleanliness of the household, managing rations, dealing with maids or other such domestic helps etc., and the effectiveness with which they do it is truly commendable.
2. Write in your own words what is meant by the terms ‘invisible’, ‘physically demanding’, and 'time consuming’? Give one example of each based on the household tasks undertaken by women in your home.
(a) Housework is invisible and unpaid work.
Invisible here means something which is not noticed. A good example will be breakfast in the morning, which we eat without realizing the amount of effort put in making it.
(b) Housework is physically demanding.
Physically demanding means something which requires hard work. An example of this is washing clothes.
(c) Housework is time consuming.
Time consuming means something which takes a long time to be done. Cleaning the house is an example of this.
3. What are the lives of Domestic Worker?
• The workers do work at our home like sweeping, cleaning, washing clothes, doing dishes, cooking, looking after young children or aged people.
4.What is Anganwadis?
1. This organisation (Anganwadi) is run by government.
2. This organisation gives an education to poor children (primary sector).
3. This organisation is also gives an education to uneducated women’s or men’s.
4. This organisation also gives the foods and medicines.
CHAPTER-5
1. Who wrote Sultana’s Dream? Rokeya Sakhawat Hossain
2. Name the first autobiography written by Rashsundari Devi. Amar Jiban
3. Which title Ramabai got for read and write Sanskrit? Pandita
4. Where Ramabai gone to set up her mission, where widows and poor women were encouraged not only to become literate but to be independent? Khedgaon
5. This refers to physical or verbal behaviour that is of sexual nature. Sexual Harassment
6. When someone forcefully breaks the law or a rule or openly shows disrespect, what we say this. Violation
7. When we believe that people belonging to particular groups based or religion, wealth, language are bound to have certain fixed characteristics or can only do a certain type of work, it’s create………. Stereotype
8. When we do not treat people equally or with respect we are indulging in [what]? Discrimination
Give reason
1. Why Ramabai set up her mission in Khedgaon?
• She wants to teach a variety of skills of carpentry to run a printing press, skills that are not usually taught to girls even today.
• She wants to tell that widows and poor women were encouraged not only to literate them but to make them independent.
2. Why children from Dalit, Adivasi and Muslim communities leave school?
• In many parts of the country, especially in rural and poor areas, there may not even be proper schools nor teachers who teach on a regular basis.
• If a school is not close to people’s homes, and there is no transport like buses or vans.
• Parents may not be willing to send their girls to school.
Questions/answers
1. What type of place is Lady land?
• It is a place where women have the freedom to study, work.
• women create and do inventions like controlling rain from the clouds and flying air cars.
• In this the men have been sent into seclusion- their aggressive guns and other weapons of war are defeated by the brain- power of women.
2. What is Campaigning?
• Campaigning is to fight discrimination and violence against women are an important part of the women’s movement.
• Campaignings have also led to new laws being passed.
• A law was passed in 2006 to give women who face physical and mental violence within their homes, also called domestic violence, some legal protection.
3. What is Dowry Deaths?
• It is the case of young brides being murdered by their in-laws husband, greedy for more dowry.
• Women’s groups spoke out against the failure to bring these cases to justice.
• They did so by coming on to the streets, approaching the courts, and by sharing information.
4. List the reason why learning the alphabet was so important to women like Rashsundari Devi, Ramabai and Rokeya?
• They wanted to be educated.
• They wanted to fight against stereotypes.
• They wanted reforms in the society.
• They wanted to read books.
CH-4, Mughal Empire –MORE
IMPORTANT QUESTIONS
1 .What was the residence of mughal empire?
Ans: Red fort
2 .From their mother’s side they were descendants of whom?
Ans: Genhis Khan
3 .From their father’s side they were successors of whom?
Ans: Timur
4 .Who were Mughal’s Mongol competitor?
Ans: Uzbegs
5 .When did Timur captured Delhi?
Ans: 1398
6. Who was the first Mughal emperor. Tell his ruling time?
Ans: Babur[1526-1530]
7. When was he succeeded to throne of Ferhagana?
Ans: In 1494
8. When did he seized Kabul?
Ans: 1504
9. When and where did he defeated Ibrahaminium Lodi?
Ans: 1526 in Panipat
10. In 1527 he defeated which ruler at Kahuna?
Ans: Rana Sanga
11. In 1528 he defeated the Rajputs at which place?
Ans: Chanderi
12. Who defeated Humayun at Chausa and Kannauj?
Ans: Sher Khan
13.In Iran he received help from whom?
Ans: Safavid Khan
14. What was the capital of chittor?
Ans: Sisodiya
15. Who was the brother of Mirza Hakim?
Ans: Akbar
16. From which year to which year did Akbar ruled
Ans: 1556-1605
17. What was previous name of Jahangir?
Ans: Salim
18. Who was Nur Jahan?
Ans: wife of Jahangir
19. What was previous name of Shah Jahan?
Ans: Khurram
20. Who rebelled against Shah Jahan?
Ans: Khan Jahan Lodi
21. In which year ahmadanagar was finally annexed?
Ans: 1632
22. During which Kings period was the size of the empire largest?
Ans: Aurangzeb
23. Balkh was a region under control of whom?
Ans: Uzbegs
24. In which year did Aurangzeb defeated the ahoms?
Ans:1663
25. Who was the Maratha chieftain who was defeated by Aurangzeb ?
Ans: Shivaji
27. When was Golconda annexed?
Ans: 1687
28. What was Aurangzeb’s ruling period?
Ans: 1658- 1707
29. What were the 2 successions in mughal empire?
Ans: Primogeniture, coparcenary
30. What was meaning of mansab?
Ans: rank
31. what was revenue of mansabdars called?
Ans: Jagirs
32. Who was akbar’s revenue minister?
Ans: todar mal
33. Who wrote Akbar nama?
Ans: Abul Fazl
34. What was the 3rd volume called?
Ans: Ain-i-akbari
35.Empire was divided into province called______.
Ans. Subas
36. It ws governed by ____.
Ans. Subedar
37. Who married Jahangir in 1611?
Ans. Mehrunnisa
38.What was universal peace?
Ans. Sulh-I kul
39. Where did ottama ruled?
Ans: turkey
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